[Q:-01]
What do you mean by chemical effect of electric current ?
Ans :
When an electric current is passed through
an electrolyte decomposition of electrolyte into its ions takes place. This
phenomena is called chemical effect of electric current.
[Q:-02]
What is electrolyte ?
Ans :
Electrolyte is a compound, which in
solution or in the molten state, conducts an electric current and is
simultaneously decomposed by it. Electrolyte may be acids, bases or salts. It
is also known as liquid conductor.
[Q:-03]
How is current carried in the electrolyte ?
Ans :
Current is carried by
ions, not by electrons as in metals.
[Q:-04]
What is electrolysis ?
Ans :
The process of chemical decomposition or
dissociation of certain substances (electrolytes) in a dissolved or molten
state by an electric current passed through that substance is known as
electrolysis.
[Q:-05]
State Faraday's laws of electrolysis ?
Ans :
(1) The mass of an ion liberated at an
electrode by the chemical action of a current of electricity is proportional to
the quantity of electricity which is passed i.e to the product of the strength
of the current and the time during which it flows.
(2) The masses of ions liberated or
deposited by the same quantity of electricity passed through several
electrolytes are proportional to their chemical equivalents.
[Q:-06]
What is chemical equivalent ?
Ans :
Chemical equivalent of an element is this
weight of the element which combines with or replace one part, by weight, of
hydrogen by chemical action and is numerically equal to the atomic weight
divided by the valency.
[Q:-07]
What is electro chemical equivalent (E.C.E) ?
Ans :
The electro chemical equivalent (E.C.E) of
an element is the mass of its ions in grams which is liberated or deposited by
chemical action by the passage of one coulomb of electricity i.e by one ampere
for one second.
[Q:-08]
What Is electrode ?
Ans :
It is a conductor by which an electric
current enters or leaves an electrolyte in electrolysis.
[Q:-09]
What is anode ?
Ans :
It is the positively charged terminal or
electrode in electrolysis through which current flows into the electrolyte.
[Q:-10]
What is cathode ?
Ans :
It is the negatively charged terminal or
electrode in electrolysis towards which the current flows in an electrolyte.
[Q:-11]
What are ions ?
Ans :
The constituent of the electrolyte
associated with an electric charge which are liberated during electrolysis are called ions.
[Q:-12]
What are anions ?
Ans :
The negatively charged ions which during
electrolysis are attracted towards the positively charged anode are called
anions and so the anions are electro-negative.
[Q:-13]
What are cations ?
Ans :
The positively charged ions which during
electrolysis are attracted towards the negatively charged cathode are called
cations and so the cations are electro-positive.
[Q:-14]
What are the industrial applications of electrolysis ?
Ans:
(i) Electro plating,
(ii) Silver plating,
(iii) Electro typing
and
(iv) Purification of
metals.
[Q:-15]
What is electroplating ?
Ans :
Electroplating is a process of depositing
a layer of metal on any other metal by passing current through an electrolyte
containing a solution of a salt of the same metal which is to be deposited.
[Q:-16]
What is the polarity of depositing metal in electro plating ?
Ans :
Cathode.
[Q:-17]
What is meant by silver plating ?
Ans :
Silver plating means the deposition of a
layer of metallic silver generally by electrolysis.
[Q:-18]
Which electrolytes are generally used for copper plating and silver plating ?
Ans :
Copper sulphate solution (Cu SO4) and silver
nitrate (AgNO3) solution are generally used for copper plating and silver
plating respectively.
[Q:-19]
What do you mean by electrotyping ?
Ans :
Electrotyping means the production of
copies of printing plates of set up types, engravings etc, by the electrolytic
deposition of a layer of metal on a previously prepared mould.
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